{"id":7133,"date":"2017-08-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-08-27T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cegorn.org\/2017\/08\/28\/hoi-thao-chia-se-ve-bien-doi-gen-va-da-dang-sinh-hoc\/"},"modified":"2023-03-15T13:49:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-15T06:49:38","slug":"hoi-thao-chia-se-ve-bien-doi-gen-va-da-dang-sinh-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cegorn.org\/vi\/2017\/08\/28\/hoi-thao-chia-se-ve-bien-doi-gen-va-da-dang-sinh-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n gen (GRAIN) \u0111\u01b0a ra trong h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\"C\u00e2y<\/div>\n
H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u201cChia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong v\u00f9ng\u201d<\/em><\/div>\n
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LTS:\u00a0<\/em><\/u><\/strong>C\u00e2y tr\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen (B\u0110G) tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (ISAAA) v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1990. Sau h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ha.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn m\u00f9a v\u1ee5… t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n, chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh 2 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G; trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 h\u00f9y ho\u1ea1i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u201cChia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong v\u00f9ng\u201d di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u1eeba qua, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n gen (GRAIN) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. TheLEADER l\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c N\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (FAO) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/div>\n
Vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y canh t\u00e1c c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G theo g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0103n u\u1ed1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, ng\u00f4, c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng; v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho xe h\u01a1i, v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u00f4ng B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o.<\/div>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Brazil v\u00e0 Argentina, nh\u1eefng “sa m\u1ea1c xanh” kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh trong sinh k\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3i c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c tr\u00ean h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ha \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0u m\u1ee1.<\/div>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay, v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ha \u0111ang canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi!<\/div>\n

Kh\u00f4ng cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t, Li\u00ean minh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 20 n\u0103m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ng\u00f4 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y tr\u1ed3ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, 86% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00f4 t\u0103ng trong 20 n\u0103m qua l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/div>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra hai d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh Bacillus Thuringensis (BT) ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/div>\n

L\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t gen c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n Bacillus thuringensis (Bt), m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh\/c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng Bt \u0111\u1ed9c canh, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng\/s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf nhanh; khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n.<\/div>\n
C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u1eabn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf m\u1edbi s\u1ebd lai t\u1ea1o ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen; v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf. Do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf.<\/div>\n
L\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf glyphosate phun cho c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh B\u0110G \u1edf Argentina \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt t\u1eeb 8 tri\u1ec7u l\u00edt n\u0103m 1995 l\u00ean tr\u00ean 200 tri\u1ec7u l\u00edt cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 20 l\u1ea7n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, n\u0103m 2011, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf phun cho c\u00e2y B\u0110G kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf cao h\u01a1n 24% so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, GRAIN \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng.<\/div>\n

\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n<\/b><\/p>\n

Khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng g\u1ea7n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o hay c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i lai ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi nhau.<\/div>\n
T\u1ea1i Canada, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ea1i Arag\u00f3n, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005 h\u01a1n 40% h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 gen b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1eefu c\u01a1 hay s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen.<\/div>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 l\u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng B\u0110G bu\u1ed9c n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng. T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Monsanto \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ra t\u00f2a v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec Monsanto t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y gen bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap Monsanto thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la.<\/div>\n

Nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn \u0111ang c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i xung quanh nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO), nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt B\u0110G kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd mang gen \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G, t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chung v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen.<\/div>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Gilles-\u00c9ric S\u00e9ralini \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Caen Normandy, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 cho nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t \u0103n ng\u00f4 B\u0110G kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf glyphosate trong hai n\u0103m. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 gan v\u00e0 th\u1eadn, kh\u1ed1i u v\u00fa \u1edf nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t c\u00e1i th\u00ec nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/div>\n
M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Leipzig (\u0110\u1ee9c) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t glyphosate, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf Roundup do c\u00f4ng ty Monsanto s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb – cao g\u1ea5p 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng.<\/div>\n
T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y B\u0110G tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/div>\n

S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u1eafm 2015 c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp thu c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (ISAAA) cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang n\u0103m 2014, c\u00e2y B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i 28 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng 181,5 tri\u1ec7u ha.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y B\u0110G t\u0103ng 4 l\u1ea7n, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 100 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1996, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng 3 – 4%. Trong \u0111\u00f3 M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (73,1 tri\u1ec7u ha, chi\u1ebfm 40%), ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Brazil (42,2 tri\u1ec7u ha), Argentina (24,3 tri\u1ec7u ha), \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (11,6 tri\u1ec7u ha), Canada (11,6 tri\u1ec7u ha).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 7 nh\u00f3m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a (n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t, kh\u00e1ng c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n…);trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00f4ng, ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G v\u00e0o canh t\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, trong khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u) th\u00ec h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Trong khi M\u1ef9 coi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u00e3n th\u00ec c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ghi nh\u00e3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u B\u0110G (chi\u1ebfm t\u1eeb 0,9% tr\u1edf l\u00ean).<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u0103m 2005, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 188\/2005\/Q\u0110-TTg tri\u1ec3n khai “Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020”. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gen, \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G chi\u1ebfm 30 – 50%.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2010, B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 7 gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 GMO. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tri\u1ec3n khai Lu\u1eadt An to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u0103m 2010 v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 38\/2012 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, li\u00ean B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n – Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ghi nh\u00e3n v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5%.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2015, 3 gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i 4 t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0 4 t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8\/2016, B\u1ed9 NN&PTNN \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p cho 21 gi\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh B\u0110G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u0103m 2010, Trung t\u00e2m Quatest 3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i TP.HCM. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 111\/323 (chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n 34,4%) m\u1eabu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi promoter 35S ho\u1eb7c terminator nos, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen (Genetically Modified Organism, g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 GMO) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p kinh doanh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1\/2016 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n ghi r\u00f5 \u201cbi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen\u201d b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean bao b\u00ec c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m B\u0110G c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u B\u0110G >5% t\u1ed5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u00e3n.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i s\u1eb5n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, rau c\u1ee7 nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i…C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1i, kh\u00f4, \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh\u2026 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 B\u0110G hay kh\u00f4ng!<\/p>\n

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H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u201cChia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong v\u00f9ng\u201d di\u1ec5n ra trong ba ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb 25 \u0111\u1ebfn 27\/08\/2017 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i do Vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n doanh nh\u00e2n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (CENDI) ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n gen (GRAIN) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong khu v\u1ef1c ASEAN nh\u01b0 MASIPAG, BioThai, SEADA, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n SPERI.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o l\u00e0 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u00f5 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng B\u0110G v\u00e0 GMO trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u00a0b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc trong khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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